The Silmarillion [Illustrated Edition]: Illustrated by J.R.R. Tolkien

The Silmarillion [Illustrated Edition]: Illustrated by J.R.R. Tolkien

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  • Type:Epub+TxT+PDF+Mobi
  • Create Date:2022-10-08 09:17:43
  • Update Date:2025-09-23
  • Status:finish
  • Author:J.R.R. Tolkien
  • ISBN:0063280779
  • Environment:PC/Android/iPhone/iPad/Kindle

Summary

For the first time ever, a very special edition of the forerunner to The Lord of the Rings, illustrated throughout in color by J。R。R。 Tolkien himself and with the complete text printed in two colors。 The Silmarillion fills in the background which lies behind the more popular work, and gives the earlier history of Middle-earth, introducing some of the key characters。

The Silmarilli were three perfect jewels, fashioned by F�anor, most gifted of the Elves, and within them was imprisoned the last Light of the Two Trees of Valinor。 But the first Dark Lord, Morgoth, stole the jewels and set them within his iron crown, guarded in the impenetrable fortress of Angband in the north of Middle-earth。

The Silmarillion is the history of the rebellion of F�anor and his kindred against the gods, their exile from Valinor and return to Middle-earth, and their war, hopeless despite all the heroism, against the great Enemy。 It is the ancient drama to which the characters in The Lord of the Rings look back, and in whose events some of them such as Elrond and Galadriel took part。

The book also includes several shorter works: the Ainulindal�, a myth of the Creation, and the Valaquenta, in which the nature and powers of each of the gods is described。 The Akallab�th recounts the downfall of the great island kingdom of N�menor at the end of the Second Age, and Of the Rings of Power tells of the great events at the end of the Third Age, as narrated in The Lord of the Rings。

Tolkien could not publish The Silmarillion in his lifetime, as it grew with him, so he would leave it to his son, Christopher Tolkien, to edit the work from many manuscripts and bring his father's great vision to publishable form, so completing the literary achievement of a lifetime。 This special edition presents anew this seminal first step towards mapping out the posthumous publishing of Middle-earth, and the beginning of an illustrious forty years and more than twenty books celebrating his father's legacy。

This definitive new edition includes, by way of an introduction, a letter written by Tolkien in 1951 which provides a brilliant exposition of the earlier Ages, and for the first time in its history is presented with Tolkien's own paintings and drawings, which reveal the breathtaking grandeur and beauty of his vision of the First Age of Middle-earth。

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Reviews

Joakim Hammarstedt

A great book if you read it as a history book and if you like family trees and mythos。

Simon Linacre

Interesting background to Middle Earth but really turgid stuff。 Like reading the bible

Zip

Not an easy read by any means but I loved it a lot。 So much about what I love about LotR is how lived in the world feels and this is how you get a lived in world。

Shelby Bollen

There isn't much that I can say about this marvel that hasn't already been said。 What I will say is that Tolkien is why I have such high standards with regard to world-building in fantasy as this is how you do it。 I can only describe The Silmarillion as an utter masterpiece。 There isn't much that I can say about this marvel that hasn't already been said。 What I will say is that Tolkien is why I have such high standards with regard to world-building in fantasy as this is how you do it。 I can only describe The Silmarillion as an utter masterpiece。 。。。more

DustyBookSniffers - Nicole

Yeah, I just can't get into this。。。So it is a DNF and passed onto my Daughter。。。I may come back to it at another time。。。coming off the back of the Farseer trilogy and reading Wheel of Time。。。I am just not feeling this at all。 Yeah, I just can't get into this。。。So it is a DNF and passed onto my Daughter。。。I may come back to it at another time。。。coming off the back of the Farseer trilogy and reading Wheel of Time。。。I am just not feeling this at all。 。。。more

Ricki

Had I picked up this book at any other time in my life, I don't think I would have enjoyed it as much。 I wouldn't have understood the material as well, nor had as much external motivation (Philip) to continue on。 This is a good example of why I believe in waiting for a book's perfect time。 I read LotR as a teenager basically for the nerd cred, and I didn't like it。 Too verbose, too boring, I didn't understand the ending。 But here I am as a grownup, loving this stuff, riding the Tolkien wave as w Had I picked up this book at any other time in my life, I don't think I would have enjoyed it as much。 I wouldn't have understood the material as well, nor had as much external motivation (Philip) to continue on。 This is a good example of why I believe in waiting for a book's perfect time。 I read LotR as a teenager basically for the nerd cred, and I didn't like it。 Too verbose, too boring, I didn't understand the ending。 But here I am as a grownup, loving this stuff, riding the Tolkien wave as we watch the new Rings of Power show and play Adventures in Middle Earth tabletop RPG。 Its time has come。Pros:-love the beginning couple of chapters and would recommend that to anyone (the creation of the world), excellent and not boring-love the stuff about Númenor, very much a parable about humanity-story of Beren and Lúthien is awesome-great female characters such as Lúthien, Melian, Galadriel, etc。 Great to have these to round out the many, many, many guysCons:-bogs down in the middle -too many names to remember and too similar (reminiscent of sagas)-too sad sometimes (children of Húrin, etc。) 。。。more

Juanfran Torres

Aurë entúluva ❤️☀️

Nathan Faulls

Brilliant!One of the densest things I’ve ever read。 The book reads like a history book or the Bible。 It does an incredible job of giving a dense history of the First Age from literal creation to everything that follows。 I’m in awe of Tolkien’s fleshing out of his world。This is something I’ve always wanted to take on。 I’ve never personally known anyone who’s been able to read it all the way through, so I was quite intimidated to give it a shot myself! I’m so glad I did。If you ever decide to read Brilliant!One of the densest things I’ve ever read。 The book reads like a history book or the Bible。 It does an incredible job of giving a dense history of the First Age from literal creation to everything that follows。 I’m in awe of Tolkien’s fleshing out of his world。This is something I’ve always wanted to take on。 I’ve never personally known anyone who’s been able to read it all the way through, so I was quite intimidated to give it a shot myself! I’m so glad I did。If you ever decide to read The Silmarillion yourself with the intention of completing it, I’d highly recommend watching YouTube explainer videos for each chapter as you go。 There’s no shame in it! There are some awesome YouTubers out there like Tolkien Lore, Voice of Geekdom, Ælfwine’s Road, and Nerd of the Rings that will help you retain and further understand what you’re reading as you pour over some truly dense lore。 It’s like taking an academic course and studying。 Having videos to go to every step of the way made the entire experience enhanced and all the more rewarding!If you’re brave, determined, completionistic, and hold a deep love for Tolkien’s work, I highly recommend taking the dive into The Silmarillion!Namárië。 。。。more

Kristen

This review has been hidden because it contains spoilers。 To view it, click here。 I just couldn’t connect。 Realizing that this models itself after a Bible of sorts brings question to whether or not a Christian should seek to enjoy it, as it delves just a bit too far into the fantasy world of the original Hobbit and, for me, becomes a bit uncomfortable in walking the line of relaying it’s own “religious” history。 Tolkien was reportedly a Christian man who sought to model his works after his faith, but I just wonder if this didn’t take it a bit too far。

Justin Hardin

I loved the historical format of this book。 There is so much history and information on this。 This will not be the last time I read this。

Paul

I thought it was time to read the Silmarillion again。 It is a complex and at times confusing book due to the enormous number of characters and complex history and geography。 It really needs some extra maps and diagrams to show the changes in middle earth through time。 The sundering of the elves is also a very complicated topic and I found it necessary to refer to the diagram at the back of the book many times。 For me the frustrating thing is the problem of good and evil - why Iluvatar would crea I thought it was time to read the Silmarillion again。 It is a complex and at times confusing book due to the enormous number of characters and complex history and geography。 It really needs some extra maps and diagrams to show the changes in middle earth through time。 The sundering of the elves is also a very complicated topic and I found it necessary to refer to the diagram at the back of the book many times。 For me the frustrating thing is the problem of good and evil - why Iluvatar would create the world but then stand aside while the forces of evil did their thing。 There is no doubt that the Valar and the high elves have the power to remove evil from the world - they easily removed Melkor and the men of Numenor -but they continued to let evil fester and spread due to inaction。 The other problem with such histories is that in time the world gets worse - the good things are lost, the elves go west, and the world loses its magic。 It's a chronicle of loss with occasional good things。 But it is a mighty story and well worth the read。 It has a similar feel to the mighty worm ouroboros。 。。。more

Ricky Pruitt

This book was insanely difficult to read。 Every character, group of people, place, and object felt like it had 2-4 different names depending on the perspective。。。 and these names were hard。 At times, I fell asleep after 4 pages。 My copy was 304 pages, and the average chapter was 10 pages I think。 Some chapters were good, especially the end。 I did learn some things, but I really didn't care about 40% of the book。 I've done it, and I will never read this book again。 I'm still rating it 3/5 stars j This book was insanely difficult to read。 Every character, group of people, place, and object felt like it had 2-4 different names depending on the perspective。。。 and these names were hard。 At times, I fell asleep after 4 pages。 My copy was 304 pages, and the average chapter was 10 pages I think。 Some chapters were good, especially the end。 I did learn some things, but I really didn't care about 40% of the book。 I've done it, and I will never read this book again。 I'm still rating it 3/5 stars just for it's explanation of almost everything before The Hobbit and LOTR。 I recommend reading one or two different summaries of each chapter, and then watching a YouTube summary video with animations; it helped me。 。。。more

África

Imprescindible, claro。

Boomer

Incredibly dense and not at all presented in a digestible way。 If I wasn't already an established and ardent fan of LOTR and Tolkien's world, I would have given up on the first page。 That being said, for fans of the world the density is a highlight, being so full of lore and context that it becomes quite enjoyable。 Sure, it was difficult at times to keep track of all the names and all the places and what exactly was happening and what they timeline was exactly, but between the thick bits of logi Incredibly dense and not at all presented in a digestible way。 If I wasn't already an established and ardent fan of LOTR and Tolkien's world, I would have given up on the first page。 That being said, for fans of the world the density is a highlight, being so full of lore and context that it becomes quite enjoyable。 Sure, it was difficult at times to keep track of all the names and all the places and what exactly was happening and what they timeline was exactly, but between the thick bits of logistical info dumping there was beauty and awe。 The Ainulindale and the Valaquenta are excellent when read aloud, and the Silmarillion itself is a jackpot of heroes and villains, trials and failures, triumph and loss。 Easily comparable to other myth inspired texts, like the Bible or the Iliad。 Recommended reading for sure, but I'm not sure I would read again。 。。。more

Rebecca Crunden

❧ audiobook review When the Valar entered into Eä they were at first astounded and at a loss, for it was as if naught was yet made which they had seen in vision, and all was but on point to begin and yet unshaped, and it was dark。At last, I have begun this classic tome。 But the sons of Men die indeed, and leave the world; wherefore they are called the Guests, or the Strangers。 Death is their fate, the gift of Ilúvatar, which as Time wears even the Powers shall envy。 But Melkor has cast his ❧ audiobook review When the Valar entered into Eä they were at first astounded and at a loss, for it was as if naught was yet made which they had seen in vision, and all was but on point to begin and yet unshaped, and it was dark。At last, I have begun this classic tome。 But the sons of Men die indeed, and leave the world; wherefore they are called the Guests, or the Strangers。 Death is their fate, the gift of Ilúvatar, which as Time wears even the Powers shall envy。 But Melkor has cast his shadow upon it, and confounded it with darkness, and brought forth evil out of good, and fear out of hope。This is so beautifully written。 。。。more

Matteo Madrigali

L'opera più viva e palpitante di Tolkien: si respira il lavoro di subcreazione e continue modifiche a una mitologia amata e curata。 La sacralità dello stile è paragonabile a quella di un corpus di leggende o a quella degli episodi biblici L'opera più viva e palpitante di Tolkien: si respira il lavoro di subcreazione e continue modifiche a una mitologia amata e curata。 La sacralità dello stile è paragonabile a quella di un corpus di leggende o a quella degli episodi biblici 。。。more

lony。

[5/5]Inicialmente, devo destacar que eu não esperava gostar de “O Silmarillion” tanto quanto gostei。 Sim, esperava que fosse um bom livro, mas não pensava que terminaria a leitura acreditando que ele é, em alguns aspectos, melhor que a trilogia “O Senhor dos Anéis”。Há dois motivos principais para minha opinião。 O primeiro é o fato de que “O Senhor dos Anéis” é apenas uma pequena parte do universo criado por Tolkien, o que fica demonstrado no próprio enredo da trilogia。 Isso pode causar uma sensa [5/5]Inicialmente, devo destacar que eu não esperava gostar de “O Silmarillion” tanto quanto gostei。 Sim, esperava que fosse um bom livro, mas não pensava que terminaria a leitura acreditando que ele é, em alguns aspectos, melhor que a trilogia “O Senhor dos Anéis”。Há dois motivos principais para minha opinião。 O primeiro é o fato de que “O Senhor dos Anéis” é apenas uma pequena parte do universo criado por Tolkien, o que fica demonstrado no próprio enredo da trilogia。 Isso pode causar uma sensação de incompletude que, apesar de ser justificada em razão dos limites da obra, pode tornar a leitura um pouco menos agradável。 “O Silmarillion”, por outro lado, demonstra a impressionante profundidade de todo universo fictício criado pelo autor, sem precisar ficar preso a determinados personagens ou eventos, o que possibilita uma experiência que, para mim, foi mais satisfatória。 O segundo motivo está relacionado ao estilo descritivo de Tolkien。 Tal forma de escrita funciona incrivelmente bem na narrativa de “O Silmarillion”, na qual cada capítulo é sobre um assunto ou época específica, em uma estrutura parecida com a de contos。 A escrita torna-se quase histórica, de uma maneira remanescente da forma que contos mitológicos eram escritos antigamente。 Além disso, como o foco da narrativa não é o presente, não há nenhum momento no qual o leitor se sente estagnado em razão do detalhamento maior apresentado pelo autor, seja esse detalhe relacionado a árvore genealógica de uma família ou a geografia de um lugar específico。 Outro aspecto que gostei bastante foi o tom da obra。 É possível dizer, resumidamente, que ela é bem trágica。 Quase todas as histórias que possuem destaque são sobre pessoas que acabam encontrando um destino terrível, seja pela arrogância, seja pelo amor, seja pela maldição de forças sombrias。 E a narração realmente foca nesses momentos mais pesados dessas histórias, pois é neles que há uma descrição mais detalhada de acontecimentos específicos, além de mais diálogo e ação。 Entretanto, é importante destacar que achei “O Silmarillion” é ainda mais denso do que “O Senhor dos Anéis”。 Há nele uma gama enorme de personagens, lugares e eventos – todos listados em um glossário que, na edição que li, possui cerca de 50 páginas。 Por isso, não recomendaria a leitura dele antes de “O Senhor dos Anéis”, apesar da cronologia da história (que é prioridade para alguns leitores) sugerir isso。 。。。more

Will

It lost me a couple times but that last chapter really brought everything together

Arthur B

About as good a reconstruction of Tolkien's vision for his Middle Earth backstory as is possible, but ultimately hampered by the fact that Tolkien was changing his mind about a lot of this stuff over his lifetime and Christopher Tolkien and Guy Gavriel Kay had to make some tough judgement calls。 Full review: https://fakegeekboy。wordpress。com/202。。。 About as good a reconstruction of Tolkien's vision for his Middle Earth backstory as is possible, but ultimately hampered by the fact that Tolkien was changing his mind about a lot of this stuff over his lifetime and Christopher Tolkien and Guy Gavriel Kay had to make some tough judgement calls。 Full review: https://fakegeekboy。wordpress。com/202。。。 。。。more

Connor Curtis

I loved this installment in the Lord of the Rings universe。 Watching the rings of power show helped put some faces with names and provided a helpful context while reading。 Overall, the scale of this book is massive as it follows roughly 5 generations of elves in middle earth and Valinor。 You do have to be able to figure out what names and places are not important, but Tolkien's writing helps emphasize what is vital and what isn't。 The creation story is awesome and you can see similarities in Lew I loved this installment in the Lord of the Rings universe。 Watching the rings of power show helped put some faces with names and provided a helpful context while reading。 Overall, the scale of this book is massive as it follows roughly 5 generations of elves in middle earth and Valinor。 You do have to be able to figure out what names and places are not important, but Tolkien's writing helps emphasize what is vital and what isn't。 The creation story is awesome and you can see similarities in Lewis' Narnia creation as well as the biblical account。 You really get to see the vastness and depth of Tolkien's writing and Christopher did a great job arranging the stories in a way that made sense。 Loved reading about Elrond's family, the history of the white trees, and the creation of the Silmarils。 Definitely not a good intro to the Lord of the Rings, but an excellent addition that is comparable and in some ways better than the original 。。。more

David Layton

Like me, most readers come to "The Silmarillion" through reading "Lord of the Rings" first。 Anyone expecting "The Silmarillion" be like LOTR but about earlier times will be surprised。 "The Silmarillion" is very little like LOTR in terms of the writing style and the storytelling。 LOTR is a proper novel, even with its somewhat old-fashioned diction。 The models for it in terms of style and storytelling would be classic British historical novels by Walter Scott and Robert Louis Stevenson。 "The Silma Like me, most readers come to "The Silmarillion" through reading "Lord of the Rings" first。 Anyone expecting "The Silmarillion" be like LOTR but about earlier times will be surprised。 "The Silmarillion" is very little like LOTR in terms of the writing style and the storytelling。 LOTR is a proper novel, even with its somewhat old-fashioned diction。 The models for it in terms of style and storytelling would be classic British historical novels by Walter Scott and Robert Louis Stevenson。 "The Silmarillion" is an altogether different beast。 The style and storytelling reference points are, from my reader's perspective not knowing specifically whether Tolkien actually had this in mind, classical Greek literature and Medieval chronicles。 To explain, "The Silmarillion" is an account of the myths and legends of Middle-Earth, of the times in the deep past。 Thus, the early parts of the book read like the works of Hesiod, recounting the creation of the world, the transfer of power from the one god to the lesser gods and then to the demigods and finally to the heroes, while also tracing time as a series of ages gradually degenerating from a timeless perfection to increasing strife, misery, and betrayal, with humanity ("men" in this book) being the most degenerate beings with "souls," naturally since they were the last created。 Gradually, the gods (Ainur), demigods (Maiar), and heroes (Elven kings) pass from the world and from reckoning, in the end leaving behind only the degenerate men running a despoiled land。 As the book goes on, the storytelling style changes from Hesiod to Greek historians such as Herodotus and Thucydides。 The details become a little more mundane, but characterization is handled in broad strokes, only the aristocracy matter, and everyone talks in grand pronouncements rather than common dialogue。 As the narrative moves toward the end of the Second Age and the beginning of the Third Age, the style becomes more like Medieval Chronicles recounting the movements of the political leaders in general terms: Then So and So went to Such and Such where they did X and Y and said A and B。 Thus, the way Tolkien tells the events makes "The Silmarillion" a bit difficult to read for the modern reader。 Adding to this difficulty is the gigantic pile of names that falls on top of the reader。 Even worse is that so many characters and places have multiple names。 One is likely to be constantly flipping between reading and looking up some name in the index。 What makes "The Silmarillion" worth reading for those not totally captivated by Middle-Earth mania is the sheer breadth of imagination involved。 The conception is immense。 Creating an entire new world like our own, but notably different as well, with its own creator god, creation story, mythology, legends, and history is an astounding feat of imagination。 The style gives the reader the impression of reading actual documents from the deep past of this place。 So, while "The Silmarillion" may not be the most pleasurable read, one can still admire the imagination and care that went into it。 。。。more

Joan D

The Silmarillion has a reutation for being a difficult book with lots of names and place names as well as one or more alternatives to the names。 But I was not deterred because the stories were so glorious。 Great valor and honor and dedication to The Good shone through in the great heros in the ages before The Hobbit and The Lord of the Rings took place。 There was even a dog hero。 Tolkien loved dogs but had little love for cats, alas。Read The Silmarillion after The Hobbit and The Lord of the Ring The Silmarillion has a reutation for being a difficult book with lots of names and place names as well as one or more alternatives to the names。 But I was not deterred because the stories were so glorious。 Great valor and honor and dedication to The Good shone through in the great heros in the ages before The Hobbit and The Lord of the Rings took place。 There was even a dog hero。 Tolkien loved dogs but had little love for cats, alas。Read The Silmarillion after The Hobbit and The Lord of the Rings。 。。。more

Nina Hansen

A very interesting deep dive in the lore of Tolkien's world, but quite difficult to read。 Recommended for experienced readers。 A very interesting deep dive in the lore of Tolkien's world, but quite difficult to read。 Recommended for experienced readers。 。。。more

Florian

Like reading a phone book of elven namesCertainly one of the most boring books I've ever read。 Granted, the final sections of this version contain a few intriguing stories - the fall of Nomenor, the creating of the Rings of Power - and those create an atmospheric backdrop for the famous stories that follow。 However, the road there is paved with tedium。 Pages upon pages list the names in family trees, or the locations on a map, with alternative and ever-changing names in different languages。。。 ke Like reading a phone book of elven namesCertainly one of the most boring books I've ever read。 Granted, the final sections of this version contain a few intriguing stories - the fall of Nomenor, the creating of the Rings of Power - and those create an atmospheric backdrop for the famous stories that follow。 However, the road there is paved with tedium。 Pages upon pages list the names in family trees, or the locations on a map, with alternative and ever-changing names in different languages。。。 keeping track of any of this requires minimally a PhD in fantasy histories。 That might make this tome impressive to some, but an intriguing story it is not。 It's like reading an encyclopaedia or some mythical text like the Bible or the Confucian Analects for entertainment value。 But with elves。 Moorcock had a point when he called Tolkien's writing 'epic pooh'。 It's absolutely insufferable。 。。。more

Chris Witteveen

Emily Tobergte

I did it。 I had to take a lot of breaks but I did it。 And I think I liked it? Some parts I really really loved and some parts were a slog。 I definitely won't read it again anytime soon, but I think I'll get there eventually。 I did it。 I had to take a lot of breaks but I did it。 And I think I liked it? Some parts I really really loved and some parts were a slog。 I definitely won't read it again anytime soon, but I think I'll get there eventually。 。。。more

Paul

It can be a bit daunting to get into the Silmarillion。 Normally a fantasy book gives you a single name for something。 John lived by the river in the town at the base of the mountain。 Huge chunks of the Silmarillion will give you John, whom the elves called Ian, and who his neighbours called Big John but was later known as grieving John, lived in the Village, that was also called Tree Village, next to the Burbling River, that some called the Running River, at the foot of Mount Snowtop, which was It can be a bit daunting to get into the Silmarillion。 Normally a fantasy book gives you a single name for something。 John lived by the river in the town at the base of the mountain。 Huge chunks of the Silmarillion will give you John, whom the elves called Ian, and who his neighbours called Big John but was later known as grieving John, lived in the Village, that was also called Tree Village, next to the Burbling River, that some called the Running River, at the foot of Mount Snowtop, which was later known as the Cruel Mountain。Or something like that。 It's a lot of information to keep track of。However if you're interested in the background story alluded to in The Lord of the Rings, then this is where you'll find it。 Published posthumously by Tolkien's son, Tolkien had been working on and revising these stories since before he even began writing LotR。I wouldn't recommend this for a first time dive into Tolkien, but if you've read the Hobbit and Lord of the Rings, then this is the next step。 。。。more

Vits Bello

Advise: never pick a high-fantasy-world-building book to read while you are close to you exam weekNeverAnyway, i took a long time to finish this one, and i was annoyed by this fact。 However, it's Tolkien, it's middle earth, and I enjoyed so much, although i felt this one was pretty dense Advise: never pick a high-fantasy-world-building book to read while you are close to you exam weekNeverAnyway, i took a long time to finish this one, and i was annoyed by this fact。 However, it's Tolkien, it's middle earth, and I enjoyed so much, although i felt this one was pretty dense 。。。more

Danielle

I really shouldn't have done the audiobook。 However, I do feel like I'm confident with pronunciation now。 But I also couldn't tell you much about this book because every sentence had a made up word I can't pronounce without sounding it out with written text。It had so many complicated plots to keep track of that it was just difficult。 The world building is superb。 Obviously one of the most epic world building authors whom ever lived。 I had hopes of listening and reading at the same time and I jus I really shouldn't have done the audiobook。 However, I do feel like I'm confident with pronunciation now。 But I also couldn't tell you much about this book because every sentence had a made up word I can't pronounce without sounding it out with written text。It had so many complicated plots to keep track of that it was just difficult。 The world building is superb。 Obviously one of the most epic world building authors whom ever lived。 I had hopes of listening and reading at the same time and I just never got that done。 It would have raised my comprehension so much。 I hope to reread this in the future。 Probably the far and distant future。 Maybe alongside a couple people so I'm forced to comprehend it and talk about chapters with them。 。。。more

İlhanca

Yüzüklerin efendisi serisinin kaynak kitabı diyebiliriz。。hem index gibi hem de başucu kitabı。。